Firdaus Review of Physiology 21st Edition PDF is one of the best book for quick review of medical physiology. It is very good book to study a a day before your exam. It can also cover your viva questions and will help you to score very high.
Firdous physiology
NAME FIRDOUS AHAMED EMAIL firdousahamed866@gmail.com DESIGNATIONDEPARTMENT Assistant Professor PhysiologyEDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONTEACHING EXPERIENCE B.sc ( PHYSIOLOGY HONS) ,M.Sc (PHYSIOLOGY), B.Ed , PhD in Progress .
Cilia are cellular protrusions which have been conserved in a wide range of organisms ranging from protozoa to the digestive, reproductive and respiratory systems of vertebrates [1]. Mobile or immotile cilia exist on every cell of the human body [2] and the insufficiently recognised importance of the cilium compartment in human physiology has been recently highlighted [1, 3]. Cilia are present on most eukaryotic cell surfaces with the exception of the cells of higher plants and fungi [4]. Ciliary motility is important for moving fluids and particles over epithelial surfaces, and for the cell motility of vertebrate sperm and unicellular organisms. The cilium contains a microtubule-based axoneme that extends from the cell surface into the extracellular space. The axoneme consists of nine peripheral microtubule doublets arranged around a central core that may or may not contain two central microtubules (9+2 or 9+0 axoneme, respectively). Cilia can be broadly classified as 9+2 motile cilia or 9+0 immotile sensory cilia, although there are examples of 9+2 sensory cilia and 9+0 motile cilia. In mammals, motile 9+2 cilia normally concentrate in large numbers on the cell surface, beat in an orchestrated wavelike fashion, and are involved in fluid and cell movement. In contrast to motile cilia, primary cilia project as single immotile organelles from the cell surface. Primary cilia are found on nearly all cell types in mammals [5] and many are highly adapted to serve specialized sensory functions. The 9+2 cilia usually have dynein arms that link the microtubule doublets and are motile, while most 9+0 cilia lack dynein arms and are non-motile. In total, eight different types of cilia has been identified to date [6]. In this study, we investigate the mechanism of movement regulation for the motile type of cilia.
Music has long had the ability to bring balance to the human being at the level of mind, body, and soul. The elements of music such as rhythm and melody, etc. are all echoed in our physiology functioning and being.
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